"Can NP-complete problems be solved efficiently in the physical universe? I survey proposals
including soap bubbles, protein folding, quantum computing, quantum advice, quantum adiabatic
algorithms, quantum-mechanical nonlinearities, hidden variables, relativistic time dilation,
analog computing, Malament-Hogarth spacetimes, quantum gravity, closed timelike curves, and
“anthropic computing.” The section on soap bubbles even includes some “experimental” results.
While I do not believe that any of the proposals will let us solve NP-complete problems
efficiently, I argue that by studying them, we can learn something not only about computation
but also about physics."
For reference, here's the highly amusing and interesting paper he's written on this:
"NP-complete Problems and Physical Reality" http://www.scottaaronson.com/papers/npcomplete.pdf
Abstract:
"Can NP-complete problems be solved efficiently in the physical universe? I survey proposals including soap bubbles, protein folding, quantum computing, quantum advice, quantum adiabatic algorithms, quantum-mechanical nonlinearities, hidden variables, relativistic time dilation, analog computing, Malament-Hogarth spacetimes, quantum gravity, closed timelike curves, and “anthropic computing.” The section on soap bubbles even includes some “experimental” results. While I do not believe that any of the proposals will let us solve NP-complete problems efficiently, I argue that by studying them, we can learn something not only about computation but also about physics."