If you don't have enormous amounts of data, one thing I've found helpful on my own projects is to make a hot backup of the database every time the schema changes, as well as make hot backups daily, and then when you check out a version of code you pair it with the latest hot backup.
(This is far easier when using SQLite, which has its own tradeoffs.)
(This is far easier when using SQLite, which has its own tradeoffs.)