It depends on the nature of the infectious disease and how quickly vaccines and therapeutics are developed.
When vaccines are delivered - especially in places where supply chains are less developed - it's important to consider how to get them into the arms where they'll give the most benefit. Part of this is trying to focus vaccines on sub-populations that aren't already herd immune from acquired immunity.
This concept is called "overshoot" (ie, you don't want to "overshoot" immunity in some sub-populations, leaving others without enough vaccine supply). There are epidemiologists who specialize specifically on overshoot, as it is one of the key problems in infectious disease response in developing nations.
When vaccines are delivered - especially in places where supply chains are less developed - it's important to consider how to get them into the arms where they'll give the most benefit. Part of this is trying to focus vaccines on sub-populations that aren't already herd immune from acquired immunity.
This concept is called "overshoot" (ie, you don't want to "overshoot" immunity in some sub-populations, leaving others without enough vaccine supply). There are epidemiologists who specialize specifically on overshoot, as it is one of the key problems in infectious disease response in developing nations.