I didn’t find anything in QGIS to give a layer a CRS and an associated date, so I’m not sure how coordinate systems like this are expected to work properly.

Generally speaking to set a CRS its: Right click on the vector layer > Set Layer CRS.

Alternatively: right click layer > save as, specify in properties.

There are geoprocessing tools to do the same.

Sometimes the input data may not be suitable for setting a CRS.