If by "solved problem" you mean "if you accept the problem of keeping an up-to-date deployment environment on every machine with up-to-date patches", compared with "build this binary copy it over and run it", yes, Node and Golang deployment is comparable.
It is a solved problem. You can't just copy over a folder (or file) and call it a day but it doesn't take that much to get Node deployed by simply typing 1 command on 1 machine and this is the same thing you would end up doing for Go too.
If you ever dealt with deploying to more than 1 machine you would realize that doing it by hand is a pretty crazy idea. The first thing you would do is create a solution that allows pretty much hands free deployment, and those solutions exist for every modern language. Heck, it's one of the first things I did as a developer even while deploying to 1 machine.
Ok, so you're going to be scp'ing your binary over manually every time? Do you manually do your other build tasks too?
No, you would have a build script that minifies/concats assets, runs tests, maybe generate docs, then finally deploy using whatever method you happen to be using if everything passes.
This might be a git deploy, or scping files over to some server.
In either case you're never copying 1 file over because that is abstracted away from you by your build script. In return you type 1 command and let your build script do the dirty work for you.
Typing this one command is the same if you're using Go or Node or any other modern language. It doesn't really matter that I have to add a few extra commands to my build script because these are things I only have to do once.
I think you're mostly just handwaving.